Characteristically, night-times are particularly painful, and this stiffness significantly limits the range of motion in the shoulder
Suitable for lambs, sheep, calves, and cows, with specific dose rates per class, it provides an efficient and practical solution for boosting livestock vitality
Nasal mucosa contains aminopeptidases and other proteases that cleave peptide bonds before the molecule can cross the epithelium
Some portion of intranasally administered peptides may reach the central nervous system through the olfactory pathway, bypassing the blood-brain barrier
Reconstitution and storage Most peptides arrive as lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder requiring reconstitution with bacteriostatic water before use
The arguments include the same dose range and same equipotent routes of application, regardless of the injury tested (Sikiric et al., 1993