In skin specifically, GHK-Cu has been extensively studied for its ability to increase collagen and elastin production, improve skin thickness and elasticity, reduce fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin firmness, reduce photodamage, reduce hyperpigmentation, and accelerate wound healing
Antioxidants (Basel) 9 (11), 1092
Additional approaches include liposomal encapsulation, which mimics cell membrane structure to enhance cellular uptake, and emulsion-based systems that improve dispersion in water-based formulations
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The body continues to benefit from residual improvements during the off-cycle
Cellular: proliferation and regeneration pathways