APE1 also negatively regulates nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2), a prominent antioxidant that is protective against oxidative damage triggered by injury and inflammation (Fishel et al., 2015)
Also, the casein kinase 2 (CK2), a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase with dual functionality in cellular growth/proliferation and suppression of apoptosis [205], can phosphorylate NRF2 in more than ten sites within Neh4 and Neh5 domains [206], leading to NRF2 translocation to the nucleus and its activation [207]
doi: 10.1007/s13760-015-0427-y, PMID: [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 147.Gross EC, Putananickal N, Orsini A-L, Vogt DR, Sandor PS, Schoenen J, et al
Step 2: The enzyme glutathione synthetase (GS) adds glycine to gamma-glutamylcysteine, completing the synthesis of glutathione
If the injections arent kept sterile or given incorrecty theres also a risk of infection
10.3390/ijms23010551 55 LeeH.ZandkarimiF.ZhangY.MeenaJ