Drmic D, Kolenc D, Ilic S, Bauk L, Sever M, Zenko Sever A, et al
The purpose of this review is (i) to explore the present knowledge about the risk of aspiration before anesthesia
Not directly, according to the article, because its effect on insulin secretion is glucose-dependent: insulin is released only when glucose is already elevated
How Vitamin B12 Shots Work Vitamin B12 shots work by delivering a concentrated dose of the nutrient directly into the muscle
The risk increases with conditions such as sepsis, dehydration, excess alcohol intake, hepatic insufficiency, renal impairment, and acute congestive heart failure
Some ingredients are studied in relation to appetite, glucose regulation, and incretin pathways, but evidence quality varies and context matters