Alcohol abuse can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency due to the following reasons: Alcohol consumption can reduce B-12 absorption as chronic alcohol consumption can lead to gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and impair the production of intrinsic factor, which is a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 29.Solomon BJ, Mok T, Kim D-W, Wu Y-L, Nakagawa K, Mekhail T, et al
People with more pheomelanin tend to have lighter skin
Gently massage in upward, circular motions
A severe deficiency can slow things down but restoring adequate levels brings you back to baseline, not above it
However, this site may be more challenging for self-injection