Subcutaneous B12 shots are injections of Vitamin B12 given just beneath the skin layer
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Remember that these injections aren't magic weight loss solutions
Furthermore, sprays allow for the vitamin to enter into the systemic circulation, bypassing the intestinal vessels
Long term prescription of medications such as the following are likely to increase the cause of, or exacerbate the risk of B12 deficiency - the proton pump inhibitors (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole), famotidine, ranitidine, metformin, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide, sodium valproate, gabapentin, doxycycline, some oral contraceptives
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has set an adequate intake (AI) of 4.0 g/day for adults (EFSA, 2015)